{"id":79460,"date":"2020-08-14T16:29:44","date_gmt":"2020-08-14T20:29:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/?p=79460"},"modified":"2020-08-14T16:34:20","modified_gmt":"2020-08-14T20:34:20","slug":"un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/","title":{"rendered":"Un m\u00e9lange riche au ralenti par Mark Lemay"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Tout a commenc\u00e9 par un appel t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique et s\u2019est termin\u00e9 par un diagnostic final en personne sur le v\u00e9hicule.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le v\u00e9hicule en question est un Ford\u00a0F-150 2012 \u00e9quip\u00e9 d\u2019un moteur\u00a0V6 biturbo EcoBoost de 3,5 litres.<\/p>\n<p>Ce F-150 nous a \u00e9t\u00e9 confi\u00e9 avec une plainte d\u2019un client selon laquelle le voyant lumineux \u00ab\u2009check engine\u2009\u00bb \u00e9tait allum\u00e9. Le v\u00e9hicule a \u00e9t\u00e9 scann\u00e9 et le code\u00a0P0172 a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9cup\u00e9r\u00e9. Il a indiqu\u00e9 que le m\u00e9lange \u00e9tait trop riche pour la banque de cylindres\u00a01. Lorsque nous nous sommes connect\u00e9s au v\u00e9hicule et avons commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 recueillir des donn\u00e9es, nous avons \u00e9galement remarqu\u00e9 que le ralenti \u00e9tait l\u00e9g\u00e8rement rugueux. Il n\u2019y avait pas de codes d\u2019erreur d\u2019allumage et le ralenti n\u2019\u00e9tait pas dramatiquement probl\u00e9matique.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>R\u00e9glages de carburant<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Nous avons commenc\u00e9 par examiner les ajustements d\u2019alimentation en carburant. Nous avons remarqu\u00e9 que les r\u00e9glages au ralenti \u00e9taient de l\u2019ordre de -25\u00a0% et qu\u2019ensuite, en charge, les r\u00e9glages se sont grandement am\u00e9lior\u00e9s pour atteindre -14\u00a0% en charge l\u00e9g\u00e8re et se sont encore am\u00e9lior\u00e9s lorsque nous avons augment\u00e9 l\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9ration. Cela nous a indiqu\u00e9 qu\u2019il s\u2019agissait uniquement d\u2019un probl\u00e8me de ralenti trop riche. (Figures\u00a01 et 2).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79054\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-79054\" style=\"width: 635px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-79054\" src=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_2_rich_idle_CRD_ML.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"635\" height=\"478\" srcset=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_2_rich_idle_CRD_ML.png 1017w, https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_2_rich_idle_CRD_ML-300x226.png 300w, https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_2_rich_idle_CRD_ML-150x113.png 150w, https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_2_rich_idle_CRD_ML-500x377.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-79054\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Le diagnostic initial a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 un m\u00e9lange riche au ralenti. PHOTO Mark Lemay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Lorsque vous avez un probl\u00e8me de ralenti qui dispara\u00eet lorsque le moteur est en charge, cela indique qu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas de probl\u00e8me avec le syst\u00e8me de calcul du carburant, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire les capteurs et les donn\u00e9es. C\u2019est aussi une indication que le PCM traite les donn\u00e9es correctement. Cela nous laisse avec un exc\u00e8s de carburant entrant dans le moteur seulement au ralenti ou, s\u2019il y a quelque chose de fautif dans les donn\u00e9es du ralenti, cela fait que le PCM surestime l\u2019injection de carburant.<\/p>\n<p>Pour \u00e9liminer l\u2019exc\u00e8s de carburant, nous avons d\u2019abord d\u00e9branch\u00e9 le tuyau du PCM tout en regardant les ajustements de carburant sur l\u2019outil de balayage. Cela a permis au moteur d\u2019aspirer de l\u2019air frais plut\u00f4t que les vapeurs du carter. Il n\u2019y avait aucune diff\u00e9rence dans le r\u00e9sultat. Notre deuxi\u00e8me test a consist\u00e9 \u00e0 d\u00e9connecter le tuyau de purge du bidon de carbone afin que le syst\u00e8me de purge n\u2019aspire que de l\u2019air frais. Encore une fois, cela n\u2019a fait aucune diff\u00e9rence pour les ajustements de carburant, en \u00e9liminant le bidon de carbone obstru\u00e9 comme source potentielle du probl\u00e8me.<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Test de l\u2019injecteur<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>Les EcoBoost\u00a0F-150 utilisent l\u2019injection directe d\u2019essence (GDI). Nous avons donc d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de faire un test d\u2019injecteurs de carburant. Comme ce moteur utilise un test d\u2019injecteurs int\u00e9gr\u00e9, nous avons effectu\u00e9 le test en utilisant le scanner (Fig 3). Les r\u00e9sultats comme indiqu\u00e9 montrent un passage net sur les injecteurs.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_79056\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-79056\" style=\"width: 644px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-79056\" src=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_3_injector_scan_CRD_ML.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"644\" height=\"484\" srcset=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_3_injector_scan_CRD_ML.png 1020w, https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_3_injector_scan_CRD_ML-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_3_injector_scan_CRD_ML-150x113.png 150w, https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/CCB_08_19_photo_3_injector_scan_CRD_ML-500x375.png 500w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 644px) 100vw, 644px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-79056\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Le test de balayage des injecteurs a indiqu\u00e9 qu&rsquo;ils fonctionnaient correctement. PHOTO Mark Lemay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Maintenant que nous avons \u00e9limin\u00e9 les sources \u00e9videntes de l\u2019\u00e9tat riche, il est temps de porter notre attention sur les donn\u00e9es du ralenti. Un examen attentif a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 que la d\u00e9pression au ralenti de ce moteur \u00e9tait faible, environ 15 pouces de vide. Il s\u2019agit d\u2019un moteur turbocompress\u00e9 qui utilise la m\u00e9thode de la densit\u00e9 de vitesse pour calculer le carburant. En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, sur ce type de syst\u00e8me, une faible d\u00e9pression (vacuum) signifie une charge \u00e9lev\u00e9e et le PCM r\u00e9agit g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement en ajoutant du carburant. Maintenant, il semble que nous arrivions \u00e0 quelque chose. La question devient alors\u00a0: qu\u2019est-ce qui cause le manque de vacuum\u2009?<\/p>\n<h5><strong>Probl\u00e8mes de synchronisation<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p>D\u2019apr\u00e8s notre exp\u00e9rience, cela peut \u00eatre d\u00fb \u00e0 une obstruction du syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9chappement ou \u00e0 un probl\u00e8me m\u00e9canique du moteur tel qu\u2019un retard dans le calage des soupapes ou un \u00e9quilibreur harmonique qui fait que l\u2019allumage est en retard. Ceci peut \u00eatre difficile \u00e0 prouver.<\/p>\n<p>Nous avons donc utilis\u00e9 un transducteur dans le cylindre pour mesurer le calage r\u00e9el de l\u2019allumage et nous l\u2019avons compar\u00e9 \u00e0 ce que nous avons vu sur l\u2019outil de balayage. Ce dernier indiquait que l\u2019allumage \u00e9tait r\u00e9gl\u00e9 \u00e0 11 degr\u00e9s, mais la trace \u00e9tait tr\u00e8s irr\u00e9guli\u00e8re, indiquant un \u00e9cart de 10 degr\u00e9s. Nous avons mesur\u00e9 le calage r\u00e9el en utilisant le transducteur dans le cylindre \u00e0 0 degr\u00e9. Cela sugg\u00e8re que le moteur a un probl\u00e8me de synchronisation.<\/p>\n<p>Nous avons demand\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019atelier de laisser tomber l\u2019\u00e9chappement pour \u00e9liminer un pot catalytique bouch\u00e9. Cela a \u00e9t\u00e9 fait sans aucune am\u00e9lioration. Nous avons ensuite demand\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019atelier d\u2019inspecter les cha\u00eenes de distribution et l\u2019\u00e9quilibreur harmonique. L\u2019atelier a retir\u00e9 les couvercles de distribution et remplac\u00e9 les cha\u00eenes. Une fois les nouvelles cha\u00eenes de distribution install\u00e9es, les garnitures de carburant sont revenues \u00e0 la normale et le voyant de contr\u00f4le du moteur est rest\u00e9 \u00e9teint.<\/p>\n<p>Une cha\u00eene de distribution \u00e9tir\u00e9e a provoqu\u00e9 une aspiration trop faible qui a entra\u00een\u00e9 une suralimentation au ralenti. Une solution inhabituelle pour un probl\u00e8me de compensation de carburant.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tout a commenc\u00e9 par un appel t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique et s\u2019est termin\u00e9 par un diagnostic final en personne sur le v\u00e9hicule. Le v\u00e9hicule en question est un Ford\u00a0F-150 2012 \u00e9quip\u00e9 d\u2019un moteur\u00a0V6 biturbo EcoBoost de 3,5 litres. Ce F-150 nous a \u00e9t\u00e9 confi\u00e9 avec une plainte d\u2019un client selon laquelle le voyant lumineux \u00ab\u2009check engine\u2009\u00bb \u00e9tait allum\u00e9&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":179,"featured_media":79052,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[820,632],"tags":[837],"class_list":["post-79460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mecanique-editorial","category-mecanique","tag-entretien-et-reparation-fr"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Un m\u00e9lange riche au ralenti par Mark Lemay - Autosphere<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un m\u00e9lange riche au ralenti par Mark Lemay\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Tout a commenc\u00e9 par un appel t\u00e9l\u00e9phonique et s\u2019est termin\u00e9 par un diagnostic final en personne sur le v\u00e9hicule. 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Ce F-150 nous a \u00e9t\u00e9 confi\u00e9 avec une plainte d\u2019un client selon laquelle le voyant lumineux \u00ab\u2009check engine\u2009\u00bb \u00e9tait allum\u00e9....\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Autosphere\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/autosphere.ca\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-08-14T20:29:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-08-14T20:34:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/MarkLemay-WP.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"758\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"585\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Mark Lemay\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@autosphere_ca\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@autosphere_ca\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Mark Lemay\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Mark Lemay\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/#\/schema\/person\/d077f1cf0dd6393fef2f239b7b4fbbca\"},\"headline\":\"Un m\u00e9lange riche au ralenti par Mark Lemay\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-08-14T20:29:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-08-14T20:34:20+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/\"},\"wordCount\":930,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/MarkLemay-WP.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Entretien et r\u00e9paration\"],\"articleSection\":[\"\u00c9ditorial\",\"M\u00e9canique\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2020\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/autosphere.ca\/fr\/mecanique\/2020\/08\/14\/un-melange-riche-au-ralenti-par-mark-lemay\/\",\"name\":\"Un m\u00e9lange riche au ralenti par Mark Lemay - 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